Determination of Geoid Height from the XGM2019e_2159 Global Geopotential Model and the ETOPO1 Digital Elevation Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21107766Keywords:
Geoid height, XGM2019e_2159, ICGEM, ETOPO1, accuracy evaluationAbstract
Geoid height is a fundamental quantity in geodesy, providing the link between ellipsoidal and physical heights and supporting applications such as the realization of national height systems, GNSS–levelling data processing, and studies of the Earth’s gravity field. Recent high-resolution global gravity field models enable increasingly accurate geoid determination directly from spherical harmonic coefficients. This study investigates the theoretical framework for computing geoid height from spherical harmonic coefficients in combination with topographic information and develops a computational program for this purpose. Numerical experiments were conducted using the global gravity field model XGM2019e_2159 and the topographic model ETOPO1. The developed program was validated through comparison with results provided by ICGEM at 13,041 points covering the entire territory of Vietnam. The comparison indicates that the geoid height on the ellipsoid surface shows a mean difference of 0.01 cm with a standard deviation of 0.02 cm, while the terrain heights interpolated from ETOPO1 are fully consistent. Differences in geoid height at the topographic surface have a mean value of −0.14 cm with a standard deviation of ±1.97 cm, mainly caused by differences in the treatment of topographic effects between the two approaches. These results demonstrate the reliability of the developed program and highlight its potential for applications in high-precision geodetic studies
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