GIS programming to build a thermal environment monitoring tool in Binh Duong province period 1995-2024 using Landsat image series

Abstract

Urbanization development has accelerated the expansion of the area of impermeable surfaces and indirectly caused an increase in the heat of the thermal environment in the urban area of Binh Duong province. To monitor changes in the thermal environment, the article builds a tool to automatically calculate the surface temperature index LST (Land Surface Temperature) on the thermal infrared channel of Landsat images for the period 1995–2024 using programming language. Python program and ArcPy library of ArcMap software. Research results show that surface temperature in Binh Duong province tends to increase with the average temperature of the whole province increasing by 4.5oC from 1995 (28.5oC) to 2024 (33oC) and the High altitude is mainly distributed in urban areas and industrial parks of large and small cities such as Thu Dau Mot City, Di An City, Thuan An City, Tan Uyen City or Ben Cat town and Bau Bang district. The reliability of the tool is highly appreciated with a coefficient of determination R2 close to approximately 1 and a very low error RMSE <0.15 when comparing the results of heat value calculations using Google Earth Engine. Thereby, proving the effectiveness of the research tool capable of analyzing remote sensing data, contributing to quickly calculating surface temperature on optical images over many times, contributing to supporting environmental monitoring work. Thermal environment in general and environmental resource management in particular in the context of current climate change.